Information on the population genetics of shrimp species in the Persian Gulf is scarce. There are few electrophoretic based study therefore the aim of the present study was to investigate genetic variation among population of the GREEN TIGER PRAWN, P. semisulcatus, in Bushehr waters, Persian Gulf (Rezvani et al., 2001 and Rezvani, 2002) . This is the first study on this species by RAPDs in this area. The input of research in the field of genetics has resulted in new technological advances that have improved the economic gains of shrimp production.

Biomass and density of GREEN TIGER PRAWN were estimated in Bushehr waters during July - August in 2004, 2005 and 2006. Study area was located from Motaf (27 30 N and 51 50 E) to Daylam waters (30 00 N and 50 00 E) in the northern part of the Iranian waters of the Persian Gulf with about 2000 nm limit. 45 stations in 15 transects were selected in the waters less than 10 m, 10-20 m and 20-30 m deep. Sampling was done by bottom trawl net. The maximum catch per unit effort (CPUE) of GREEN TIGER PRAWN was obtained in south area. From middle to end of shrimp fishery season (August) CPUE increased in the northern area. Based on our estimations, the initial total shrimp biomass in the south area was 674, 1024 and 873 tons in 2004, 2005 and 2006, the percentage biomass being 77, 75 and 86, respectively.Investigation of the shrimp concentration in the Bushehr waters showed that the GREEN TIGER PRAWNs entered the fishing grounds from the southeastern parts of Bushehr waters, and Motaf, Nakhilu, Rase khan and Rod mond could be considered the initial appearance zones. Dense schools of GREEN TIGER PRAWNs were observed above 10 meter depth in late June and early July and at 20-30meter depth in late July.

Considering that GREEN TIGER PRAWN is important for fisheries and economic in the Persian Gulf region, understanding of the immune system and defense mechanism will lead to improved disease management in this species. In this study, hemocytes of the immune system and hepatopancreas in GREEN TIGER shrimp were compared in cold and warm seasons. For this purpose in total, 50 specimens of GREEN TIGER shrimp with a mean length of 19± 1cm and a mean weight of 25± 0. 5g were prepared. Then 1mL of hemolymph combined with 1mL of anticoagulant and number and type of hemocytes were studied. Also for histological study, hepatopancreas was sampled from all shrimps and histological sections were prepared in usual methods. The results of this study indicated that in the cold season, the amount of all hemocytes increased. In both seasons, small granular hemocytes, without predominant change, were the highest in number and hyaline hemocytes were the lowest. In addition, a structural study of the hepatopancreas in both seasons showed that this organ was tubular, with the highest number of filamentary cells and the lowest amount of myoepithelial cells. There was a significant difference between absorptivestorage, bag and filamentary cells in both cold and warm seasons. Results of this study are consistent with the reports on other species and may be considered in vaccination cases due to stimulate and excite the immune system, especially during the cold season.

Nursery grounds of Penaeus semisulcatus were surveyed in the main coastal PRAWN catching areas of the Bushehr waters, Persian Gulf, from July 2003 to March 2005. Sampling stations were selected in waters less than 10m deep and juveniles were collected using a small vessel powered by a 150 hp outboard engine that was equipped with a small beam trawl net with 10 mm mesh size. PRAWNs less than 15 mm carapace length were classified as juvenile.The catches of P. semisulcatus juveniles were abundant at only a few sites in the shallow waters around southern (Motaf) and middle (Helaileh) regions of the studied area. The maximum number of juveniles was seen in July and November 2003 that amounted to 596 and 24 specimens, respectively. In April and June 2004, only 43 and 85 specimens were recorded respectively. Juvenile abundance was higher in vegetated sites as compared to other sites during this study. The study supports the fact that the extensive shallow reef and open flat coastline areas that are covered with grass and algae communities are critically important for the PRAWN and should therefore be protected from pollution, fishing gear damage and industrial development.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the diet of the GREEN TIGER PRAWN, Penaeus semisulcatus for 12 months from January to December 2018 in the coastal waters of Hormozgan province. During this period, the intestinal contents of 673 of the two morphotypes of GREEN TIGER PRAWN including banding (417) and non-banding (256) were examined by the volumetric method. The results showed that the gut diet composition of both includes diatoms, dinoflagellates, crustaceans, mollusks, foraminifera, worms, and digestive material. There was no significant difference in the diet of the two types and males and females of GREEN TIGER PRAWNs. Also, the study of the FP index showed that GREEN TIGER PRAWNs were voracious creatures and their feed preference in female and male bonding was crustaceans 56% and 46% and 27% and 30% in diatoms, respectively, and in non-bonding types as well 65% and 57% in crustaceans and were 17% and 20% in diatoms respectively. Also, feed preferences in the next priorities for different sexes of both morphotypes included foraminifera, worms, unknown digestive substances, mollusks, and dinoflagellates with different percentages, respectively. There was a significant difference in the type of diet in different size classes so after crustaceans, diatoms were identified as the next preferred food in younger PRAWN diatoms and in older shrimp. The study of nutrition in different seasons of the year showed that crustaceans had the highest frequency and food preference in both morphotypes in all seasons and diatoms in summer, although the results related to the type and preference of food seasonally and based on the sex of shrimp showed no significant difference (P> 0.05).

The present study was carried out in the Research Station in Bandargah and Abzistan Shrimp Hatchery Company in Delvar (Bushehr province) from February 2011 to Jun 2012. The main objective of the research was quality evaluation of injected tags on the juveniles of released Penaeus semisulcatus in Bushehr waters. Wild adult shrimps were captured from the Bushehr waters and cultured in the Bandargah Research Station. Juvenile GREEN TIGER PRAWNs (1 g) were marked by florescent elastomeric and blue color liquid injection. Injections were made just beneath the skin tissue along a straight path several millimeters long using a syringe with standard insulin 1cc syringe. In Bandargah Research Station, 90 marked PRAWNs by florescent elastomeric were held in the 3 fiberglass tanks (30 l). In Abzistan Shrimp Hatchery Company, 180 marked PRAWNs by florescent elastomeric and blue color were held in 6 fiberglass tanks. Environmental condition controlled for all samples and injected tags condition was recorded in different times. The results of the study show that the qualities of the tags were reduced after two weeks. Both of the used liquid tags were moved in the body tissue of PRAWNs after three weeks. This can make negative effect on the recapture of tagged shrimps and economical evaluation.

Carapace length frequency data of GREEN TIGER PRAWN, Penaeus semisulcatus, were monthly collected from 50 stations along the coastal waters of Bushehr, Persian Gulf, during January 2003 to March2004. FiSAT program was used to analysea total of 535 shrimp’s including292 females and 243 males, for the relationships of total length, weight and carapace length. The L¥ and K for males were estimated at 38mm CL and 1.6 year-1 and for the females were 50.40mmCL and 2.20 year-1, respectively. Maximum age (Tmax) were 20 months for the males and 15 months for the females. The growth of the shrimp was found to be rapid during summer and autumn and negligible during winter and spring.

Background: Food industry experts have tried to use these structures in order to integrate the functional food hydrophobic constituents in food networks in recent years. Objectives: The present research is conducted to investigate the effect of a natural emulsion of Polylophium involucratum essential oil and its function in increasing the storage duration of GREEN TIGER PRAWN. Methods: The antimicrobial feature of the nano-emulsions through agar diffusion and the vapor phase, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) methods are studied. Results: The average size of the 10% nano-emulsion particles prepared was 68. 3 nanometers. The average diameter of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli growth inhibition zone for nano-emulsion in agar diffusion was 10. 4 and 9 mm, respectively. The average diameter of growth inhibition zone in vapor phase diffusion for 10% nano-emulsion against both of the mentioned bacteria was zero. MIC and MBC amounts for 10% nano-emulsion obtained 50000  g/L against S. aureus and 25000  g/L for E. coli. Moreover, pH, weight decrease percentage, and total viable count (TVC), and psychrotrophic total count (PTC) microbial indices in nano-emulsion treatments underwent fewer changes as compared with the control treatment. In addition, color evaluation results indicated that meaningful changes do not exist between nano-emulsion treatments (P > 0. 05). Conclusions: Using 10% nano-emulsion based on Polylophium involucratum is recommended for decreasing the microbial count and enhancing the storage.